| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Niger Progressive Party ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally
The Nigerien Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA) ((フランス語:Parti Progressiste Nigérien-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain)) is a political party in Niger.〔(Les partis politiques nigériens, leurs leaders respectifs et les pratiques politiques inavouables ). La Roue de l'Histoire (Niamey) 24 February - 1 March 2004.〕 It was the leading political party of the pre-independence era, becoming the sole legal party of the First Republic (1960–1974). It was led by Niger's first President, Hamani Diori. After the end of military rule, the party reappeared as a minor parliamentary party led by Diori's son, Abdoulaye Hamani Diori.
==Pre-independence==
As the name indicates, the PPN confederated in 1946 with a grouping of regional of pro-independence parties within French West Africa and French Equatorial Africa to form the ''Rassemblement Démocratique Africain'' (African Democratic Rally—RDA ).〔Mazrui, Ali A., and Christophe Wondji. ''(Africa since 1935 )''. General history of Africa, 8. Oxford: James Currey, 1999. p. 210〕 Under the leadership of Hamani Diori, the PPN paired appeals to traditional society within what was then the Colony of Niger while its representatives worked with the French Communist Party in France, which was then the only force supporting independence for France's colonial possessions.〔Samuel Decalo. Historical Dictionary of Niger (3rd ed.). Scarecrow Press, Boston & Folkestone, (1997) ISBN 0-8108-3136-8 pp. 242, 317〕
In 1946 the single pro-Independence party in Niger was the Nigerien Progressive Party (PPN), of which Hamani Diori and Djibo Bakary were the most prominent members, and which numbered only 5000 members.〔Decalo (1997), p.243.〕 Simultaneously, these colonial territories were allowed limited representation in the French National Assembly, with Niger allotted one seat in 1946 and a second in 1948. PPN Party leader Hamani Diori filled the first, and a French educated Niamey lawyer, Djibo Bakary filled the second.〔Decalo (1997), p.242.〕 Bakary, a leftist, helped push the party—already perceived as anti-French—in a populist direction. The PPN was allied to the pan-colony African Democratic Rally (RDA), which itself caucused with the French Communist Party in the National Assembly. Some elements, such as RDA leader Félix Houphouët-Boigny, were uncomfortable with this connection. Many in the PPN felt the same way, while many other, grouped around Bakary and the tiny Nigerien Trades Union movement, pulled to the left. Earlier splits of the PPN, of conservative Djerma traditional leaders and a small Franco-Nigerien contingent in 1946, were added to 1948 in reaction to Bakary and his circle and to the continued association with the RDA. Harou Kouka and Georges Condat split to form a group ("''Parti Independent du Niger-Est'' PINE") that quickly joined with previous dissidents to create the Union of Nigerien Independents and Sympathizers (UNIS). This relatively conservative coalition benefited from French support, and gained control of the consultative institutions of the Niger colony from 1948-1952.〔 Diori, much like RDA chair Félix Houphouët-Boigny, broke from the PCF in 1951 and by 1958 was close to the colonial authorities in Niamey. This faction retained both the PPN name and the connection with the RDA, while Djibo Bakary now broke from the RDA to retain ties with the French Communist Party. Bakary's new party, SAWABA, prospered in the 1956 territorial assembly elections to the detriment of the PPN.〔Finn Fuglestad. Djibo Bakary, the French, and the Referendum of 1958 in Niger. The Journal of African History, Vol. 14, No. 2 (1973), pp. 313-330〕 In 1958's constitutional referendum and assembly elections, the PPN supported continued association with France under the French Community, while its primary rival, called for immediate independence from France. The PPN swept territorial elections making Diori chair of the Assembly (essentially, Prime Minister to the colonial governor's presidential role). SAWABA was suppressed and outlawed prior to independence in 1960 with the help of French officials.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|